Work and Machines

What is work?

—Work is what happens when something changes its motion in the direction of the force being applied.

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How do you measure work?

  work = force x distance  or  

—— W = F x d

—Your answer will be in Newton-meters also called Joules.

Can you name some simple machines?

A lever is a simple machine containing a bar that can turn around a fixed point.

 

What is a fulcrum?

Fulcrum is the fixed point.

  

What is effort force?

  Effort force is the force applied to a machine by the user.

   

What is resistance force? 

—Resistance force is the force applied to a machine by the object to be moved.

 

First class levers

The fulcrum is positioned between the effort and the resistance.

 

 

 Second class lever

—The resistance is positioned between the effort and the fulcrum.

 Third-class lever

—The effort is between the fulcrum and the resistance.

Simple Machines

—A pulley – it is a wheel with rope, chain, or belt around it.

—Pulleys are used to make a lifting job easier.

The inclined plane

—It has no moving parts but it is a machine.

—It is a ramp on which an object can be pushed up.

 

—The simple screw

It is a simple machine made up of an inclined plane wrapped around a straight piece of metal.

—It is a form of an inclined plane.

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The wedge

It is a simple machine made up of an inclined plane or pair of inclined planes that are moved.

The wheel and Axle

It is a simple machine made up of a wheel attached to a shaft.